Longevity & Anti-Aging Peptides
Explore longevity profiles and evidence guides by mechanism, research stage, safety context, and primary sources.
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Hallmarks of aging evidence map
Compare interventions by hallmark, evidence level, and translation limits.
Read guideHumanin research guide
Distinguish native Humanin, HNG, animal interventions, and human observations.
Read guideEpitalon research guide
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EpitalonEpitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) is a synthetic tetrapeptide based on the natural pineal gland peptide epithalamin, developed by Vladimir Khavinson, that ac…HumaninHumanin is a 24-amino acid mitochondria-derived micro-peptide that protects cells from oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, with research ap…FOXO4-DRIFOXO4-DRI is a D-retro-inverso senolytic peptide that selectively induces apoptosis in senescent cells by disrupting the FOXO4-p53 protein-protein int…GHK-CuGHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide that modulates gene expression, attenuates inflammation, improves antioxidant responses, and…Acetyl Hexapeptide-3 (Argireline)Acetyl Hexapeptide-3 (Argireline) is a synthetic hexapeptide that inhibits SNARE complex formation, reducing neurotransmitter release and attenuating …Acetyl Hexapeptide-8Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 is the updated INCI name for Argireline (formerly Acetyl Hexapeptide-3), a synthetic SNARE complex inhibitor that reduces neurotr…Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5 (Eyeseryl) is a Lipotec-developed peptide that targets undereye puffiness and edema by reducing vascular permeability and inhibi…AdalankAdalank is a synthetic peptide investigated in research settings for its potential modulatory effects on immune signaling and inflammatory pathways.AdamaxAdamax is a synthetic peptide combining the adamantane moiety with a bioactive peptide sequence, investigated for enhanced metabolic stability and neu…AEDP (Kidney Bioregulator)AEDP (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro) is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator investigated for tissue-specific effects in renal aging, nephroprotection, and kidney …ANA Gold (Gold Tripeptide-1)ANA Gold is a colloidal gold-tripeptide-1 conjugate that combines gold nanoparticle anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties with tripeptide-1's c…BonomarlotBonomarlot is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from bone marrow tissue, developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation a…BPC-157BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from human gastric juice that promotes wound healing, angiogenesis, and…BronchogenBronchogen is a bioregulatory tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu) with tissue-specific effects in the lungs, studied for its ability to stabilize DNA, redu…CardiogenCardiogen (AEDR) is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator that modulates fibroblast activity in cardiac tissue, studied for its cardioprotective effec…CartalaxCartalax (AED) is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator that modulates fibroblast function across multiple tissues, studied for its geroprotective effec…CerebrolysinCerebrolysin is a neuropeptide preparation derived from porcine brain proteins containing neurotrophic factors that mimic BDNF and NGF, extensively re…CerlutenCerluten is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from brain tissue, developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Geron…
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ChonlutenChonluten is a short tripeptide bioregulator (Glu-Asp-Gly) that modulates gene expression related to inflammation and antioxidant activity, with prima…CJC-1295 (without DAC)CJC-1295 without DAC (Modified GRF 1-29) is a synthetic analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone with four amino acid substitutions that enhance met…CJC-1295 / Hexarelin BlendA research peptide blend combining CJC-1295 (no DAC) and Hexarelin, two growth hormone secretagogues studied for their synergistic effects on GH relea…CortagenCortagen is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro) studied for its effects on central nervous system gene expression, chromatin remod…CORTEXINCortexin is a complex of water-soluble neuropeptides isolated from the cerebral cortex of cattle and pigs, used clinically in Russia for neuroprotecti…CrystagenCrystagen is a synthetic tripeptide (Thr-Glu-Gly) bioregulator from the Khavinson peptide family designed to modulate immune function by targeting thy…Cyclic Glycine-ProlineCyclic Glycine-Proline (cGP) is an endogenous cyclic dipeptide derived from the N-terminal cleavage of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) that regul…DihexaDihexa (N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6)-aminohexanoic amide) is a truncated angiotensin IV analogue and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET receptor system pote…Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl BenzylamideDipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide is the active ingredient in SYN-AKE, a synthetic peptide mimicking waglerin-1 from temple viper venom that acts …EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor)EGF is a 53-amino acid polypeptide that binds the EGF receptor to stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival, with applications in wo…Elastin TripeptideElastin-derived tripeptides such as Val-Gly-Val (VGV) and related VGVAPG repeat-derived sequences are bioactive peptide fragments investigated for the…EndolutenEndoluten is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from pineal gland tissue, developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation a…EpithalonEpithalon (Epitalon) is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) derived from the pineal gland extract Epithalamin, studied for its ability to activ…GDF-11GDF-11 (Growth Differentiation Factor 11) is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily that gained prominence from parabiosis rejuvenation studies, with de…GHRH (Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone)GHRH is a 44-amino acid endogenous hypothalamic peptide that stimulates pulsatile growth hormone release from the anterior pituitary. It is the primar…Glow Blend (TB-500 / BPC-157 / GHK-Cu)A research peptide blend combining TB-500 (10mg), BPC-157 (10mg), and GHK-Cu (50mg) — three tissue-repair and anti-aging peptides with complementary m…GV1001GV1001 is a 16-amino acid peptide derived from the active site of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT 611-626) developed as a cancer vaccine…Hexapeptide-11Hexapeptide-11 is a yeast-derived peptide from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that stimulates keratinocyte renewal and cell cycle progression, researched fo…HexarelinHexarelin is a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue and ghrelin analogue with potent cardioprotective effects, muscle-preserving properti…IGF-1IGF-1 is an endogenous 70-amino acid polypeptide structurally similar to insulin that mediates most of growth hormone's anabolic effects. It plays cri…IPA Blend (CJC-1295 / Ipamorelin)A research peptide blend combining CJC-1295 (Mod GRF 1-29, 5mg) with Ipamorelin (10mg), pairing a GHRH analogue with a selective ghrelin receptor agon…KEDW (Epigenetic Bioregulator)KEDW (Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp) is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator investigated for its broad epigenetic effects across multiple tissues, including chrom…KlothoKlotho is a transmembrane protein and circulating hormone that functions as a co-receptor for FGF23, regulates phosphate homeostasis, suppresses aging…Klow80 Blend (TB-500 / BPC-157 / GHK-Cu / KPV)An 80mg research peptide blend combining TB-500 (10mg), BPC-157 (10mg), GHK-Cu (50mg), and KPV (10mg) — integrating potent anti-inflammatory action wi…KristagenKristagen is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from thymus tissue, developed to support immune function and T-cell-mediated immunity.…LivagenLivagen is a short bioregulatory tetrapeptide that decondenses chromatin to reactivate silenced genes, with research applications in immune system rej…LKEK (Vascular Bioregulator)LKEK is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator (Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys) investigated for its effects on vascular endothelial function, collagen synthesis regu…MOTS-cMOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide composed of 16 amino acids that regulates cellular energy metabolism, promotes metabolic homeostasis, and ha…NA-Selank AmidateAn advanced, doubly stabilized derivative of the anxiolytic peptide Selank featuring both N-acetylation and C-terminal amidation, engineered for maxim…NA-Semax AmidateA doubly stabilized derivative of the nootropic peptide Semax with N-acetylation and C-terminal amidation, offering maximal enzymatic resistance and e…NAD+NAD+ is a coenzyme central to cellular energy production, DNA repair, and anti-aging sirtuin activation. Injectable NAD+ restores declining levels dir…OvagenOvagen (Thr-Glu-Asp-Phe) is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator targeting hepatic and gastrointestinal tissue, researched for hepatoprotective effec…P21A synthetic, small-molecule peptide derived from the active region of CNTF (ciliary neurotrophic factor) that promotes neurogenesis and cognitive enha…Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-12Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-12 (Biopeptide EL) is a Sederma-developed lipopeptide that stimulates elastin synthesis in dermal fibroblasts, researched for im…Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 (Pal-GHK)Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 is a lipopeptide fragment of collagen that stimulates collagen I, III, and fibronectin synthesis through TGF-β pathway activati…Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38 (MATRIXYL synthe'6) is a synthetic signal peptide developed by Sederma that stimulates production of six major extracellular m…Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5 (SYN-COLL)Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5 is a thrombospondin-1 mimetic lipopeptide that activates TGF-β signaling to stimulate procollagen I synthesis, marketed under t…PancragenA synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator (Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp) from the Khavinson peptide family, designed to selectively target pancreatic tissue for restor…PE-22-28A synthetic heptapeptide derived from the spadin region of the protein sortilin (NTSR3) that functions as a TREK-1 potassium channel blocker with rapi…Pentapeptide-18Pentapeptide-18 is the INCI designation for the enkephalin-analog neuromuscular peptide marketed as Leuphasyl by Lipotec, which reduces expression wri…PinealonPinealon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator derived from the pineal gland that exerts epigenetic regulatory effects on gene ex…PNC-27A synthetic anticancer peptide that selectively targets and destroys cancer cells by binding to HDM2 on their surface, inducing membrane lysis while l…ProstamaxProstamax is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from prostate tissue, developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and G…Protection of Telomeres 1 (POT1) PeptidePOT1 (Protection of Telomeres 1) peptides are synthetic sequences derived from or targeting the POT1 protein, a critical component of the shelterin co…RETINALAMINRetinalamin is a complex of polypeptides isolated from the retina of cattle, studied as a bioregulatory agent for retinal neuroprotection, age-related…Revilab SL 01Revilab SL 01 is a sublingual multi-peptide bioregulator formulation from the Revilab product line, developed by Khavinson's group at the St. Petersbu…SelankSelank is a synthetic heptapeptide analogue of the immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin, developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian A…SemaxSemax is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) fragments 4-10 that increases BDNF and NGF levels in the brain. It i…Sermorelin / GHRP-2 BlendA research peptide blend combining Sermorelin (a GHRH analogue) and GHRP-2 (a ghrelin receptor agonist), studied for synergistic amplification of grow…Sermorelin / GHRP-6 BlendA research peptide blend combining Sermorelin (a GHRH analogue) and GHRP-6 (a synthetic ghrelin analogue), studied for synergistic enhancement of grow…SHLP1 (Small Humanin-Like Peptide 1)SHLP1 is a mitochondria-derived micro-peptide encoded by the 16S rRNA region of the mitochondrial genome with anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective proper…SHLP2 (Small Humanin-Like Peptide 2)SHLP2 is the most extensively studied small humanin-like peptide, with prominent metabolic effects including inhibition of fat cell differentiation, i…SHLP3 (Small Humanin-Like Peptide 3)SHLP3 is a mitochondria-derived micro-peptide encoded by the 16S rRNA gene with distinct tissue distribution from other SHLPs, exhibiting unique pharm…SigumirSigumir is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from cartilage and connective tissue, developed to support joint health and chondroprote…SLU-PP-332A synthetic ERRα/γ agonist that mimics the transcriptional effects of exercise by activating estrogen-related receptors, enhancing oxidative metabolis…SNAP-8SNAP-8 (acetyl octapeptide-3) is a synthetic peptide that inhibits SNARE complex formation to reduce neurotransmitter release at the neuromuscular jun…Somatropin (rHGH)Somatropin is recombinant human growth hormone (rHGH), a 191-amino acid protein identical to endogenous pituitary-derived growth hormone. It is FDA-ap…SS-31SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that stabilizes cardiolipin to improve ATP production and reduce reactive oxygen species,…StamakortStamakort is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from gastric mucosal tissue, developed for targeted support of stomach function and ga…SvetinormSvetinorm is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from liver tissue, developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gero…TaxorestTaxorest is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from bronchial mucosal tissue, developed to support respiratory function and bronchial …TB-500TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4, a 43-amino acid protein involved in actin regulation, tissue repair, wound healing, and anti-inflam…TB-500 (Ac-LKKTETQ)A synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4 containing the active acetylated LKKTETQ sequence that promotes tissue repair by regulating actin-based cell m…TestagenTestagen is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation targeting testicular tissue, developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Ger…ThymalinThymalin is a thymus-derived dipeptide complex (Glu-Trp) developed in Russia for immune restoration, particularly in aging populations. It modulates T…ThymogenA synthetic dipeptide bioregulator (L-glutamyl-L-tryptophan) that functions as a potent immunomodulator by stimulating T-lymphocyte differentiation an…Thymosin Alpha 1Thymosin Alpha-1 is a 28-amino acid immunomodulatory peptide derived from the thymus gland that enhances T-cell function, dendritic cell maturation, a…Thymosin Beta-4A 43-amino acid peptide that is the major actin-sequestering molecule in mammalian cells, playing critical roles in tissue repair, wound healing, angi…ThymulinThymulin (Zn-FTS, facteur thymique sérique) is a zinc-dependent nonapeptide secreted by thymic epithelial cells that plays a critical role in T-cell m…Tripeptide-10 CitrullineTripeptide-10 Citrulline (Decorinyl) is a Lipotec-developed peptide that stimulates decorin production to regulate collagen fibrillogenesis, improving…VentfortVentfort is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from vascular tissue, developed to support endothelial function and blood vessel integr…VesiluteVesilute is a synthetic dipeptide bioregulator (Lys-Glu) developed by the Khavinson group that modulates gene expression, promotes smooth muscle relax…VesugenVesugen is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator (Lys-Glu-Asp) that modulates gene expression and protein synthesis, particularly through SIRT1 upregula…VilonVilon (Lys-Glu, KE dipeptide) is a synthetic dipeptide bioregulator developed by Khavinson's group at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation …VladonixVladonix is a complex peptide bioregulator preparation derived from thymus gland tissue, developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation an…Wolverine StackThe Wolverine Stack combines BPC-157, a synthetic gastric peptide promoting angiogenesis and tissue repair, with TB-500 (thymosin beta-4 fragment), wh…
Read the full category research notes
These notes map terminology and research themes. Verify claims in the linked profile references and current primary records.
Longevity & Anti-Aging Peptides
This category covers peptides researched for their potential to slow biological aging through telomere maintenance, mitochondrial optimization, gene expression modulation, and cellular stress resistance. Many originate from endogenous signaling molecules or Russian bioregulator research programs.
Complete Peptide Directory
| Peptide | Description | Primary Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| Epithalon | Tetrapeptide telomerase activator with demonstrated lifespan extension in animal models | Activates telomerase; modulates pineal gland melatonin release |
| Epitalon Long Course | Extended-duration Epithalon protocol for sustained telomerase activation | Prolonged telomerase induction and circadian rhythm optimization |
| Epitalon Nasal | Intranasal Epithalon formulation for enhanced CNS delivery | Epithalon mechanisms with improved blood-brain barrier penetration |
| Epithalon Acetate | Acetate salt form of Epithalon with improved solubility | Telomerase activation with enhanced formulation stability |
| N-Acetyl Epithalon Amidate | Enhanced Epithalon with N-acetyl and amide modifications | Improved BBB penetration; telomerase activation; neuronal differentiation |
| Short-Chain Epithalon | Truncated Epithalon variant for targeted applications | Telomerase modulation with distinct pharmacokinetic profile |
| FOXO4-DRI | Cell-penetrating peptide that disrupts FOXO4-p53 interaction in senescent cells | Induces selective apoptosis of senescent cells (senolytic) |
| Humanin | Mitochondrial-derived peptide with broad cytoprotective effects | Anti-apoptotic signaling via STAT3 and IGFBP-3 binding |
| Humanin Analog S14G | Enhanced humanin variant with 1000x greater potency | Neuroprotection, metabolic regulation with improved receptor binding |
| MOTS-c | Mitochondrial-derived peptide that regulates metabolic homeostasis | Activates AMPK; regulates folate-methionine cycle; exercise mimetic |
| MOTS-c S6K1 | MOTS-c variant targeting the mTOR/S6K1 pathway | Metabolic regulation through mTOR signaling modulation |
| Klotho | Anti-aging protein that regulates phosphate metabolism and oxidative stress | FGF23 co-receptor; Wnt signaling modulation; mineral homeostasis |
| GDF-11 | Growth differentiation factor linked to tissue rejuvenation in parabiosis studies | TGF-beta superfamily signaling; muscle and neural stem cell activation |
| SS-31 (Elamipretide) | Mitochondria-targeted peptide that stabilizes the inner membrane | Cardiolipin stabilization; ATP production; ROS reduction |
| NAD+ | Essential coenzyme for cellular energy and sirtuin activation | Substrate for sirtuins and PARPs; supplemented as NMN/NR precursors |
| 5-Amino-1MQ | NNMT inhibitor that boosts NAD+ levels and fat metabolism | Inhibits nicotinamide N-methyltransferase; increases cellular NAD+ |
| 5-Amino-1MQ / NMN Longevity Formula | Combination formula targeting NAD+ metabolism from two angles | NNMT inhibition plus NAD+ precursor supplementation |
| Telomerase Peptide | Peptide designed to activate telomerase for telomere maintenance | Direct telomerase enzyme activation and telomere elongation |
| SIRT1 Activating Peptide | Peptide that activates sirtuin-1 deacetylase for longevity pathways | SIRT1 activation; DNA repair enhancement; metabolic optimization |
| Yamanaka Peptides | Peptide-based approach to cellular reprogramming inspired by Yamanaka factors | Partial cellular reprogramming without full dedifferentiation |
| Thymalin / Epithalon Combo | Combined thymic and pineal bioregulator protocol | Dual immune restoration and telomerase activation |
| Alpha-Ketoglutarate Peptide | Peptide conjugate of the TCA cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate | TCA cycle optimization; epigenetic modulation; lifespan extension in models |
| Spermidine Peptide Interaction | Research on spermidine's interactions with peptide longevity pathways | Autophagy induction; histone acetylation modulation |
Common Research Themes
Mitochondrial Peptides: MOTS-c, Humanin, and SS-31 are all derived from or target mitochondria — the organelles most implicated in cellular aging. They address different aspects: energy metabolism (MOTS-c), cell survival signaling (Humanin), and membrane integrity (SS-31).
Telomere Maintenance: Epithalon and its enhanced variants are the primary telomerase-activating peptides, with animal studies showing measurable lifespan extension.
Senescent Cell Clearance: FOXO4-DRI represents the senolytic approach — selectively eliminating damaged cells that accumulate with age and drive chronic inflammation.
NAD+ Metabolism: 5-Amino-1MQ, NAD+, and the longevity formula target the age-related decline in NAD+ levels that impairs sirtuin activity and mitochondrial function.
Epigenetic Modulation: Several peptides (Yamanaka Peptides, Alpha-Ketoglutarate Peptide) work by modulating epigenetic marks that change during aging, potentially reversing aspects of the aging clock.
Getting Started
If you are new to this category, we recommend starting with Epithalon — the most studied anti-aging peptide with a unique telomerase-activating mechanism. From there, explore related peptides through the See Also sections on each page to build a comprehensive understanding of the research landscape.
Healing & Tissue Repair Peptides
Research peptides that promote wound healing, angiogenesis, cell migration, and tissue regeneration across musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and dermal systems
Growth Hormone Secretagogue Peptides
Research peptides that stimulate natural growth hormone release through GHRH receptor and ghrelin receptor (GHS-R) pathways.