Peptides
Research peptide profiles organized by category. Every entry is backed by peer-reviewed citations.
0-92
A17
Acetyl-L-CarnitineAcetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) is an acetylated form of L-carnitine that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism by facili…nootropicACTH 4-10ACTH 4-10 is a heptapeptide fragment (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly) derived from the central region of [adrenocorticotrop…nootropicneuroprotectionAdalankEnhanced derivative of Selank with improved stability, blood-brain barrier penetration, and extended half-life compared …cognitivelongevityAdamantyl Carbonyl ProlineAdamantyl Carbonyl Proline is a synthetic nootropic compound that combines an adamantane structure with a proline deriva…nootropicAdamaxSynthetic nootropic peptide with N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal adamantane modification for superior stability an…cognitivelongevityAdrafinilAdrafinil is a eugeroic compound and prodrug to modafinil. It promotes wakefulness and alertness without the jittery eff…nootropicAF2121AF2121 is an extended peptide fragment derived from activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), encompassing a lo…nootropicneuroprotectionAF-DKP (Selank Metabolite)AF-DKP (cyclo-Pro-Gly diketopiperazine) is an active metabolite generated during the enzymatic degradation of Selank, th…anxiolyticgabaAgmatineAgmatine is a metabolite of L-arginine with diverse neuromodulatory effects. It acts on multiple receptor systems includ…supplementnootropicAlpha-GPCAlpha-GPC (L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine) is a choline-containing compound that serves as a precursor to acetylcholi…nootropicAlpha-Lipoic AcidAlpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring antioxidant synthesized in small amounts by the body and available as a…nootropicsupplementAngiotensin IVAngiotensin IV (Ang IV, Ang 3-8) is a six-amino acid peptide (Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe) generated by the sequential enzym…cognitionmemoryAniracetamAniracetam is a fat-soluble racetam nootropic known for its anxiolytic and cognitive-enhancing properties. It modulates …nootropicracetamApoaequorinApoaequorin is a recombinant calcium-binding protein originally isolated from the Aequorea victoria jellyfish, marketed …nootropicAra 290ARA-290 (cibinetide) is a synthetic 11-amino acid peptide engineered from the three-dimensional structure of the tissue-…healingcognitiveArmodafinilArmodafinil is the R-enantiomer of modafinil, offering longer-lasting wakefulness promotion with potentially smoother ef…nootropicmedicineAtomoxetineAtomoxetine (Strattera) is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) approved for the treatment of attention-d…nootropic
B7
Bacopa (Bacopa monnieri)Bacopa monnieri is an Ayurvedic herb used for centuries to enhance memory and cognitive function. Modern research confir…herbnootropicBDNFBDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) is the most abundant neurotrophin in the mammalian brain, essential for neurona…neuroprotectionneuroplasticityBeta-AlanineBeta-alanine is a non-essential amino acid that combines with histidine to form carnosine, an intracellular dipeptide bu…nootropicsupplementBilobalideBilobalide is a sesquiterpene trilactone compound found in Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), which demonstrates neuroprot…supplementnootropicBombesin / Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP)Bombesin is a tetradecapeptide (14 amino acids) first isolated in 1971 by Anastasi and colleagues from the skin of the E…oncologyimagingBrivaracetamBrivaracetam (BRV) is a high-affinity ligand for the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A), an analog of levetiracetam desi…nootropicBromantaneBromantane is a unique Russian compound that acts as both an actoprotector (enhancing physical performance) and an anxio…nootropic
C24
CaffeineCaffeine is a trimethylxanthine stimulant that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist in the central nervous system, p…nootropicCalcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP)Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino-acid neuropeptide produced primarily by sensory neurons of the trig…neuropeptidemigraineCarnosic AcidCarnosic acid is a phenolic diterpene compound primarily found in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and sage. It functio…supplementnootropicCarnosineCarnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and histidine, found primarily in skeletal muscle …nootropicsupplementCAR PeptideCAR peptide is a synthetic cell-penetrating peptide designed to inhibit Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription…anti-inflammatorycancer-researchCDP-Choline (Citicoline)CDP-Choline (Citicoline, cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine) is a naturally occurring compound that serves as a precursor to b…nootropicCebaracetamCebaracetam is a synthetic nootropic and a substituted phenyl-derivative of the racetam family, specifically featuring a…nootropicCentrophenoxine (Meclofenoxate)Centrophenoxine (meclofenoxate) is a nootropic compound that combines DMAE (dimethylaminoethanol) with para-chlorophenox…nootropicCerebrolysinCerebrolysin is a parenterally administered neuropeptide preparation consisting of low-molecular-weight peptides and fre…cognitivelongevityCerebroprotein HydrolysateCerebroprotein Hydrolysate is a mixture of neuropeptides and amino acids derived from porcine brain tissue that acts on …nootropicCerlutenCerluten is a complex peptide preparation obtained from young animal brain tissue through acid extraction and purificati…bioregulatorcognitiveCholecystokinin (CCK)Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide originally discovered in 1928 for its ability to contract th…gut-brainsatietyCholine BitartrateCholine Bitartrate is a salt form of choline, an essential nutrient that serves as a precursor to acetylcholine, a neuro…nootropicsupplementCiticolineCiticoline (CDP-choline; cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine) is a naturally occurring compound that serves as an intermediate …nootropicCNTFCNTF (Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor) is a 22.7 kDa cytokine originally identified in chick ciliary ganglion extracts as a …neurotrophicneuroprotectionColivelinColivelin is a synthetic chimeric peptide created by fusing the activity-dependent neurotrophic factor-9 (ADNF-9, also c…nootropicneuroprotectionColuracetamColuracetam is a nootropic compound belonging to the racetam family that works by enhancing high-affinity choline uptake…nootropicracetamCoQ10 (Coenzyme Q10)Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring compound that plays a crucial role in mitochondrial energy production and …nootropicsupplementCortagenCortagen is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator with the sequence Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro (AEDP), belonging to the Khavinson c…cognitivelongevityCORTEXINCortexin is a complex of water-soluble neuropeptides with molecular weights up to 10 kDa, isolated from the cerebral cor…nootropicneuroprotectionCortistatin (CST-14 / CST-17)Cortistatin is a neuropeptide closely related to somatostatin, existing primarily as two isoforms: CST-14 (14 amino acid…neuropeptideanti-inflammatoryCreatine MonohydrateCreatine monohydrate is a naturally occurring compound that enhances the body's ability to produce ATP (adenosine tripho…nootropicsupplementCRH (Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone)Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is the 41-amino acid peptide master regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrena…neuropeptidestressCyclic Glycine-ProlineEndogenous cyclic dipeptide found in plasma, breast milk, and cerebrospinal fluid. Functions as metabolite of IGF-1, reg…cognitivelongevity
D9
Davunetide (AL-108)Davunetide (AL-108) is the clinical-stage intranasal formulation of the NAP peptide (NAPVSIPQ), developed by Allon Thera…nootropicneuroprotectionDihexaDihexa is a modified hexapeptide derivative of angiotensin IV designed to potentiate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) sign…cognitivelongevityDimiracetamDimiracetam is a bicyclic 2-pyrrolidinone derivative and a member of the nootropic racetam family that acts as a glutama…nootropicDMAE (Dimethylaminoethanol)DMAE (2-dimethylaminoethanol) is a compound structurally similar to choline that may serve as a precursor to acetylcholi…nootropicDoliracetamDoliracetam is a cyclic GABA derivative and nootropic agent within the racetam family, structurally related to substance…nootropicDonepezilDonepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor FDA-approved for Alzheimer's disease. By preventing acetylcholine breakdo…medicinenootropicDSIPDelta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a naturally occurring nonapeptide first isolated from rabbit brain in 1977 during…sleepcognitiveDupracetamDupracetam is a synthetic nootropic compound belonging to the racetam family, structurally characterized as a hydrazide …nootropicDynorphin ADynorphin A is a 17-amino acid endogenous opioid peptide produced from the prodynorphin (PDYN) precursor protein. First …painneuroprotection
E2
F2
FasoracetamFasoracetam is a nootropic compound in the racetam family that modulates metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and u…nootropicracetamFGL (NCAM-Derived Peptide)FGL is a synthetic 15-amino acid peptide derived from the second fibronectin type III (FnIII-2) domain of neural cell ad…neuroprotectioncognitive
G10
GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, responsible for…nootropicGalaninGalanin is a neuromodulatory peptide first isolated from porcine intestinal extracts by Tatemoto et al. in 1983, named f…neuropeptidedepressionGalantamineGalantamine is a competitive and reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that also acts as an allosteric modulator of …nootropicsupplementGHK-CuSource records availableGHK-Cu is a small, naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide first isolated in 1973 from human plasma. It plays crit…skinhealingGHRP-2GHRP-2 (pralmorelin) is a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue that binds to the ghrelin/growth hormone sec…growth-hormoneweight-lossGHRP-6GHRP-6 is a synthetic hexapeptide that acts as a ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor agonist, stimulating natur…growth-hormoneweight-lossGinkgo BilobaGinkgo biloba is an herbal extract derived from the leaves of the Ginkgo tree, containing flavonoids and terpene lactone…nootropicGinkgolide BGinkgolide B is a terpene lactone compound extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves, standardized in extracts like EGb 761. I…supplementnootropicGinsenoside Rg1Ginsenoside Rg1 is a bioactive saponin compound extracted from Panax ginseng, representing one of the most pharmacologic…supplementnootropicGV1001GV1001 is a 16-amino acid peptide corresponding to residues 611-626 of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), t…anti-agingcancer-research
H4
HumaninHumanin is a 24-amino acid micro-peptide encoded by a short open reading frame (sORF) within the mitochondrial 16S rRNA …longevitycognitiveHuperzine AHuperzine A is a natural compound extracted from Chinese club moss that inhibits acetylcholinesterase, increasing acetyl…nootropicsupplementHydergineHydergine (ergoloid mesylates, co-dergocrine) is an ergot alkaloid derivative primarily studied for treating dementia an…nootropicHydrafinilHydrafinil (9-Fluorenol, Fluorenol) is a eugeroic compound structurally related to modafinil and adrafinil, marketed as …nootropic
I3
IGF-1Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1), also known as Somatomedin C, is a 70-amino acid endogenous polypeptide with struct…supplementgrowth-hormoneIllumiNeuro ProtocolIllumiNeuro is a cognitive enhancement peptide blend combining four nootropic peptides: PE-22-28 (neuritogenic), Pinealo…cognitiveIpamorelinIpamorelin is a short pentapeptide capable of binding to the ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor. It is one of …growth-hormoneweight-loss
K1
L7
Lac-Leu (N-Lactoyl-Leucine)N-Lactoyl-leucine (Lac-Leu) is a recently characterized exercise metabolite formed by the conjugation of lactate with th…metabolicexerciseL-DOPAL-DOPA (levodopa) is a naturally occurring amino acid that serves as the direct precursor to dopamine, a crucial neurotr…nootropicLeu-EnkephalinLeu-enkephalin (leucine-enkephalin, Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu) is one of two endogenous enkephalin pentapeptides discovered by…nootropicimmune-systemLion's ManeLion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus) is a medicinal mushroom containing bioactive compounds called erinacines and hericenone…nootropicsupplementLIRAGLUTIDELiraglutide is a derivative of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), a naturally occurring peptide hormone that lowers blood …peptideglpL-TheanineL-Theanine is an amino acid found primarily in tea leaves that promotes relaxation without sedation. It increases alpha …supplementnootropicL-TyrosineL-Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid and precursor to the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrin…nootropic
M1
N11
NAD+Source records availableNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a vital coenzyme present in every living cell, playing a central role in ene…longevitycognitiveNAP Peptide (NAPVSIPQ)NAP (sequence: NAPVSIPQ, Asn-Ala-Pro-Val-Ser-Ile-Pro-Gln) is an octapeptide representing the smallest active fragment of…nootropicneuroprotectionNA-Selank AmidateNA-Selank Amidate is an enhanced version of Selank, the anxiolytic nootropic peptide developed at Russia's Institute of …cognitivelongevityNA-Semax AmidateEnhanced and stabilized version of Russian nootropic Semax with superior stability, extended half-life, and enhanced bio…cognitivelongevityNefiracetamNefiracetam (DM-9384) is a pyrrolidone-derivative nootropic compound that enhances cognitive function by modulating mult…nootropicracetamNeuropeptide Y (NPY)Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide amide and the most abundant neuropeptide in the mammalian central nervou…neuropeptideappetiteNeurotensin (NT)Neurotensin (NT) is a 13-amino acid neuropeptide first isolated from bovine hypothalamus in 1973 by Carraway and Leeman.…neuropeptidedopamineNGF (Nerve Growth Factor)Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) is a 13.5 kDa homodimeric neurotrophic protein first discovered by Rita Levi-Montalcini and St…neuroprotectionpainNociceptin/Orphanin FQNociceptin (also known as Orphanin FQ, abbreviated N/OFQ) is a 17-amino-acid neuropeptide discovered simultaneously by t…neuropeptidepainNoopeptNoopept is a potent synthetic nootropic developed in Russia, approximately 1000x more potent than piracetam by weight. I…nootropicNSI-189NSI-189 is an experimental nootropic compound that stimulates neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Originally developed for …nootropic
O3
Omberacetam (Noopept)Omberacetam, better known by the trade name Noopept and the development code GVS-111, is a synthetic dipeptide (N-phenyl…cognitive-neuroOxiracetamOxiracetam is a racetam nootropic known for its stimulating cognitive enhancement. It improves memory, focus, and logica…nootropicracetamOxytocinOxytocin is a 9-amino acid cyclic neuropeptide hormone produced primarily in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei o…hormonalcognitive
P17
P21P21 is a nootropic peptide derived from ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) that enhances neurogenesis and cognitive func…cognitivelongevityP21 Peptide (CNTF-Derived)P21 is a small peptide derived from the active region of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF), a neurotrophic cytokine tha…nootropicneurogenesisPACAPPituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a pleiotropic neuropeptide originally isolated from ovine …supplementneuropeptidePE-22-28Synthetic heptapeptide derived from Spadin positions 22-28, functioning as potent TREK-1 antagonist with enhanced select…cognitivelongevityPEG-MGFPEGylated Mechano-Growth Factor (PEG-MGF) is a truncated and modified form of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) conju…growth-hormonehealingPhenibutPhenibut (β-phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid) is a GABA analogue that functions primarily as a GABAB receptor agonist, origina…nootropicPhenotropilPhenotropil (also known as fonturacetam or carphedon) is a nootropic drug derived from piracetam with an added phenyl gr…nootropicPhenylalaninePhenylalanine is an essential amino acid that serves as a precursor to tyrosine and subsequently dopamine, norepinephrin…nootropicPhenylpiracetamPhenylpiracetam is a potent racetam with a phenyl group that increases its stimulant properties and ability to cross the…nootropicracetamPhosphatidylcholinePhosphatidylcholine (PC) is a phospholipid and essential component of cell membranes, particularly abundant in brain tis…nootropicPhosphatidylserinePhosphatidylserine (PS) is a phospholipid naturally found in high concentrations in brain cell membranes, particularly i…nootropicPicamilonPicamilon is a synthetic compound combining GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and niacin (vitamin B3) that was developed in…nootropicPinealonPinealon is a short synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) developed by the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation …cognitivesleepPiracetamPiracetam is the original racetam and one of the first synthetic nootropics, developed in the 1960s. It enhances memory …nootropicracetamPiritinolPiritinol (also known as pyrithioxin or pyritinol) is a nootropic compound consisting of two pyridoxine (vitamin B6) mol…nootropicPQQPyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a redox-active quinone compound that functions as a powerful antioxidant and mitochond…nootropicsupplementPramiracetamPramiracetam is one of the most potent racetams, approximately 15-30x stronger than piracetam. It's particularly noted f…nootropicracetam
R2
S5
SarcosineSarcosine (N-methylglycine) is an endogenous amino acid that acts as a glycine transporter-1 (GlyT-1) inhibitor, enhanci…supplementnootropicSelankSelank is a synthetic heptapeptide analogue of tuftsin (threonyl-lysyl-prolyl-arginine), an endogenous immunomodulatory …cognitivelongevitySemaxSemax is a synthetic heptapeptide analogue of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), consisting of amino acids 4-10 of ACTH…cognitivelongevitySulbutiamineSulbutiamine is a synthetic derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) developed in Japan that crosses the blood-brain barrier …nootropicsupplementSunifiramSunifiram (DM235) is a synthetic nootropic compound structurally related to piracetam but reported to be up to 1000x mor…nootropic
T6
TAURINETaurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that acts as a modulator of cellular function throughout the body. It supports…nootropicsupplementTB-500TB-500 is a synthetic peptide derived from the active region of thymosin beta-4 (TB4), a naturally occurring 43-amino ac…healinganti-inflammatoryTHEACRINETheacrine (1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid) is a purine alkaloid structurally similar to caffeine that acts as an adenosine…supplementnootropicTHEOBROMINETheobromine is a methylxanthine alkaloid found naturally in cocoa, chocolate, and tea that acts as a mild stimulant and …supplementnootropicTRH (Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone)Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is one of the smallest known bioactive peptides — a modified tripeptide with the seq…supplementthyroidTRYPTOPHANL-Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that serves as a precursor to serotonin and melatonin, playing a crucial role in…nootropic
U2
V2